Jan Bułhak is considered the father of Polish photography and the creator of Bułhak’s aesthetics. He founded the Vilnius Photoclub and co-founded the Polish Photoclub and the Association of Polish Art Photographers. He carried out photographic documentation of the architecture in a number of cities, e.g. Grodno, Lublin, Kraków, Warsaw, Vilnius and Zamość. He also published postcards with his photographs. Bułhak coined the term “fotografika” (artistic photography) and separated this branch of graphic arts based on photography techniques as opposed to photojournalism or technical photography. Unfortunately, his Vilnius studio housing precious negatives burnt down during city battles. Following World War II, the artist documented war damages in Vilnius, and after forced resettlement to the new Polish borders, also in Polish cities.